After the end of this case, the learner will be able to do the following:

1. Identify features of pathological murmurs in infants.

2. Recognize the clinical presentation of Ventricular septal defects

3. Describe the anatomical and clinical variations in ventricular septal defect presentation

4. Describe the pathophysiology of a ventricular septal defect

5. Formulate physical exam findings and investigations required to diagnose a ventricular septal defect

6. Summarize the definitive treatment for ventricular septal defects